Table 2.

Gastrointestinal disease conditions associated with emesis in the dog

	Process	Reference (LOE)	Overall evidence grade
Gastritis	Eosinophilic	2 (4c)	C
	Lymphoplasmacytic	3 (4c)
	Granulomatous	4 (4c)
	Acute	5 (4c)
		6 (4a)
	Associated with spiral bacteria	7 (3a)	C
		8 (4b)
		9 (4b)
Gastric neoplasia		10 (4b)	C
		6 (4a)
		11 (4b)
Gastric ulceration	Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)	12 (4c)	B
		13 (3b)
		14 (4c)
	Neoplasia	15 (4c)	C
		10 (4b)
		11 (4b)
	Metabolic	16 (4b)	C
	Hypergastrinaemia/Other APUDomas	17 (4c)	C
		18 (4c)
		19 (4c)
	Irritant		D
	Mastocytosis	20 (4c)	C
Gastric/intestinal entrapment	Ruptured diaphragm	21 (4b)	C
	Gastric dilatation/volvulus		D
	Hiatal hernia	22 (4c)	C
		23 (4c)
Pyloric stenosis	Congenital	24 (4c)	C
		25 (4b)
		26 (4c)
	Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy	27 (4c)	C
		28 (4c)
Foreign body		29 (4a)	C
		30 (4c)
		31 (4c)
Dietary		32 (4b)	C
		33 (4c)
Infection/Infestation	Canine parvovirus	34 (1b)	A
		35 (1b)
	Canine distemper virus		D
	Canine coronavirus	36 (4c)	C
	Salmonellosis	37 (4b)	C
	Campylobacteriosis	38 (4c)	C
	Mycobacterial infection	39 (4c)	C
	Fungal infection	40 (4c)	C
		41 (4c)
		42 (4a)
	Hookworms/Roundworms	43 (4c)	C
Inflammatory bowel diseases	Eosinophilic	44 (4a)	C
	Lymphoplasmacytic
	Granulomatous
Intestinal neoplasia		45 (4b)	C
		46 (4c)
		47 (4b)
		48 (4c)
Intussusception		49 (4b)	C
Intestinal volvulus		50 (4c)	C
		51 (4c)
Intestinal entrapment		52 (4c)	C
Motility disorders	Dysautonomia	53 (4a)	C
		54 (4c)
	Localised autonomic dysfunction	55 (4c)	C
		56 (4c)
		57 (4c)
		58 (4c)