Table 3.
Adjusted expected change (95% confidence interval) for birth outcomes in relation to maternal 3rd-trimester urinary arsenic, stratified by infant sex.
| Per IQR (ng/L) increase | Gestational age (weeks)a | Birth weight (g)b | Birth length (cm)b | Head circumference (cm)b | Ponderal index (kg/m3)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total arsenic (n=114) | |||||
| Male infants (n=57) | 0.07 (−0.03, 0.16) | 3.36 (−20.69, 27.41) | 0.27 (0.13, 0.41) | 0.11 (0.03, 0.20) | −0.34 (−0.55, −0.14) |
| Female infants (n=57) | −0.05 (−0.46, 0.37) | −30.61 (−132.90, 71.67) | 0.59 (−0.02, 1.19) | 0.29 (−0.07, 0.66) | −1.14 (−2.01, −0.26) |
| p for interaction | 0.59 | 0.52 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.08 |
| DMA (n=212) | |||||
| Male infants (n=114) | 0.05 (−0.10, 0.21) | −20.27 (−67.40, 26.88) | 0.39 (0.11, 0.67) | 0.19 (0.03, 0.36) | −0.60 (−1.01, −0.19) |
| Female infants (n=98) | −0.44 (−0.84, −0.05) | −15.28 (−136.54, 105.98) | 0.48 (−0.25, 1.20) | 0.07 (−0.36, 0.49) | −0.89 (−1.94, 0.16) |
| p for interaction | 0.02 | 0.94 | 0.82 | 0.59 | 0.61 |
a
Models adjusted for urinary creatinine, maternal age, race/ethnicity, maternal education, income, pre-pregnancy BMI, infant sex, and number of live births.
b
Model additionally adjusted for gestational age.