Table 2. OWS according to the type of opioid analgesic.
| Variables | Remifentanil (n = 58) | Fentanyl (n = 47) | Morphine (n = 21) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OWS, No. (%; 95% CI) | 18 (31.0; 20–43) | 17 (36.2; 23–50) | 2 (9.5; 2–28) | 0.078 | |
| Withdrawal type | 0.001 | ||||
| Discontinuation | 20 (34.5) | 32 (68.1) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| De-escalation | 38 (65.5) | 15 (31.9) | 6 (28.6) | ||
| OWS according to withdrawal type, No. (%; 95% CI) | |||||
| OWS after discontinuation | 7 (35.0; 18–56) | 10 (31.3; 17–48) | 2 (13.3; 3–37) | 0.361 | |
| OWS after de-escalation | 11 (28.9; 17–44) | 7 (46.7; 24–69) | 0 (0.0) | 0.118 | |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation | 7.0 (4.0–12.0) | 10.0 (6.0–21.0)a | 11.0 (2.5–19.5) | 0.016 | |
| Total observation time, hr | 18.8 ± 8.0 | 20.7 ± 6.0 | 22.3 ± 5.0 | 0.209 | |
| Duration of opioid infusion, days | 5.5 (4.0–9.3) | 5.0 (3.0–7.0) | 6.0 (4.0–10.0) | 0.456 | |
| Cumulative opioid dose, mg | 5,023.8 (2,528.1–12,110.1) | 2,090.4 (1,043.3–4,759.7)a | 216.0 (48.0–588.0)a,b | < 0.001 | |
| No. of symptoms | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.5) | 0.654 | |
Results are reported as number (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range).
OWS = opioid withdrawal syndrome, CI = confidence interval.
avs. the remifentanil group; bvs. the fentanyl group.