Table 4.
Relative efficacy of a double dose or two single doses compared with a single dose of vaccine against first episode of PCR-confirmed influenza in HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants until 24 weeks after birth
| Single-dose group | Double-dose group | Relative vaccine efficacy | p value | Two-single-doses group | Relative vaccine efficacy | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mothers | 266 | 265 | ·· | ·· | 269 | ·· | ·· | |
| PCR-confirmed influenza | 21 (8%) | 20 (8%) | 4·4% (−72·2 to 46·9) | 0·88 | 24 (9%) | –13·0% (−98·0 to 35·5) | 0·67 | |
| PCR-confirmed A/H1N1pdm09 | 14 (5%) | 8 (3%) | 42·6% (−34·4 to 75·6) | 0·19 | 12 (4%) | 13·6% (−83·2 to 59·3) | 0·70 | |
| PCR-confirmed A/H3N2 | 4 (2%) | 8 (3%) | –100·8% (−558·6 to 38·8) | 0·26 | 10 (4%) | –146·3% (−675·4 to 21·8) | 0·17 | |
| PCR-confirmed B/Yamagata | 5 (2%) | 5 (2%) | –0·4% (−242·7 to 70·6) | 0·99 | 2 (1%) | 60·4% (−102·1 to 92·3) | 0·25 | |
| Infants | 265 | 260 | ·· | ·· | 257 | ·· | ·· | |
| PCR-confirmed influenza | 6 (2%) | 5 (2%) | 15·1% (−174·9 to 73·8) | 0·99 | 10 (4%) | –71·9% (−366·0 to 36·6) | 0·28 | |
Data are n, n (%), or relative vaccine efficacy compared with single-dose group, with 95% CI in parentheses. Among mothers, the overall number of cases of PCR-confirmed influenza are lower than the sum of the individual strains because one woman in the double-dose group had a double infection with B/Yamagata and A/H3N2 and two women in the single-dose group had two different PCR-confirmed influenza infections, both women with A/H1N1pdm09 and B/Yamagata.