. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 20.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Aug 2;71(10):1197–1207. doi: 10.1007/s00228-015-1913-0

Table 2.

Pharmacodynamic parameters for dexmedetomidine effects on norepinephrine and epinephrine

Parameter (unit)	Definition	Estimate
Parameter (unit)	Definition	Norepinephrine	Epinephrine
R₀ (nmol/L)	Baseline	9.48 (43.5)^a	0.22 (14.4)
k_d,s (h⁻¹)^a	Disposition rate constant	10.2 (44.4)^a	-
IC₅₀ (ng/mL)	Drug concentration at one-half maximal inhibition of response	0.153 (38.2)	0.166 (11.9)
k_d,p (h⁻¹)	Disposition rate constant	19.1 (82.2)	3.67 (20.8)
Inter-individual variability
R₀ (nmol/L)		-	0.34 (37.6) [2]
IC₅₀		0.3 (88.0) [7]	-
Residual variability
Additive error (nmol/L)		0.072 (39.8)	-
Proportional error		0.356 (19.8)	0.56 (11.5)

(%) RSE, [%] shrinkage

In noradrenergic nerve