Haemodialysis	Peritoneal dialysis	Comments
A. Prior to commencing dialysis
All patients	HBsAg, anti‐HBs, anti‐HBc, anti‐HCV, ALT, anti‐HIV	HBsAg, anti‐HBs, anti‐HBc, anti‐HCV, ALT, anti‐HIV	HBV DNA test is indicated in HD patients who are HBsAg negative and anti‐HBs negative but anti‐HBc positive Testing for HBV DNA in subjects who are HBsAg negative, anti‐HBs positive, and anti‐HBc positive is done when clinically indicated, for example, when potent immunosuppressive treatment is being considered Irrespective of anti‐HCV status, testing for HCV RNA is indicated to determine the current HCV carrier status in patients who have previously received anti‐viral treatment
B. After commencing long‐term dialysis
Patients who are HBsAg negative and anti‐HBs negative and anti‐HBc positive or negative	HBsAg half‐yearly	HBsAg annually	–
Patients who are HBsAg negative and with anti‐HBs >10 IU/L	anti‐HBs annually	anti‐HBs annually	booster HBV vaccine advisable when anti‐HBs ≤10 IU/L
Patients who are HBsAg positive	HBsAg annually	–	–
Patients who are anti‐HCV negative	anti‐HCV half‐yearly	–	–
Patients who are anti‐HCV positive	anti‐HCV annually	anti‐HCV annually	when HCV reactivation is suspected in known responders to prior HCV treatment, HCV RNA test is indicated irrespective of anti‐HCV status
Patients either anti‐HIV positive or negative	anti‐HIV annually	–	–