Table 2.
Comparison from various viewpoints of methods available for detecting α-defensins in synovial fluid to diagnose periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) and infectious arthritis (IA).
| Viewpoint | Synovasure® PJI Test (Lateral Flow Device) | ELISA | HPLC |
|---|---|---|---|
| α-defensins | Sum of HNP1–3 | HNP1, HNP3, or sum of HNP1–3 | Sum of HNP1–3 |
| Type of examination | Diagnostic device | Laboratory exam using diagnostic kit | Laboratory exam using instrument |
| Test output | Presence/absence of PJI | Exact concentration of single α-defensin | Exact concentration of the sum of α-defensins |
| Time to result | Within 10 min | Within hours | Within 1 h |
| Cost | Expensive | Less expensive | Low cost |
| Cutoff concentration | 5.2 mg/L a, 7.72 mg/L b only for PJI |
5.2 mg/L c only for PJI | 38 mg/L for PJI 98 mg/L for IA |
| Blood in sample | If hemoglobin exceeds 0.5 g/dL, result is affected |
Does not affect result | Does not affect result d |