Table 1.
Recent studies on the prevalence of subgingival genome‐copies of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in periodontal disease
| Study (country) | Virus | Aggressive periodontitis; percentage positive samples | Chronic periodontitis; percentage positive samples | Gingivitis; percentage positive samples | Healthy/normal periodontium; percentage positive samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imbronito et al. 2008 (85) (Brazil) | EBV‐1 | 33% | 47% | 20% | 0% |
| HCMV | 48% | 50% | 40% | 57% | |
| Combs et al. 2008 (28) (USA) | HCMV | No data | 4% | No data | 0% |
| Chalabi et al. 2008 (22) (Iran) | EBV‐1 + 2 | No data | 79% | No data | 7 |
| HCMV | No data | 59% | No data | 0 | |
| Grande et al. 2008 (61) (Brazil) | EBV | No data | 48% | No data | No data |
| HCMV | No data | 80% | No data | No data | |
| Rotola et al. 2008 (168) (Italy)* | EBV | 55% | 46% | No data | 8% |
| HCMV | 0% | 0% | No data | 8% | |
| Ding et al. 2008 (40) (China) | HCMV | 44% | No data | No data | 13% |
| Botero et al. 2008 (16) (Columbia) | HCMV | No data | 80% | No data | 25% |
| Saygun et al. 2008 (179) (Turkey) | EBV | 60% | No data | 13% | No data |
| HCMV | 53% | No data | 7% | No data | |
| Sunde et al. 2008 (207) (Norway)** | EBV | No data | 40% | No data | 7% |
| HCMV | No data | 12% | No data | 0% | |
| Imbronito et al. 2008 (84) (Brazil) | EBV | No data | 45% | No data | No data |
| HCMV | No data | 83% | No data | No data | |
| Moghim et al. 2007 (133) (Iran) | EBV | No data | 61% | No data | 3% |
| Wu et al. 2007 (235) (China) | EBV‐1 + 2 | No data | 38% | 20% | 21% |
| HCMV | No data | 63% | 49% | 42% | |
| Botero et al. 2007 (15) (Columbia) | HCMV | 40% | 60% | No data | 18% |
| Watanabe et al. 2007 (230) (Brazil) | EBV | 57% | No data | 30% | No data |
| HCMV | 7% | No data | 0% | No data | |
| Wu et al. 2006 (234) (China) | EBV‐1 + 2 | No data | 66% | 32% | 17% |
| Chen et al. 2006 (24) (China) | HCMV | No data | 59% | No data | 32% |
| Klemenc et al. 2005 (95) (Slovania) | EBV | No data | 44% | No data | 0% |
| HCMV | No data | 3% | No data | 0% | |
| Konstantinidis et al. 2005 (96) (Greece) | EBV | No data | 55% | No data | 9% |
| Kubar et al. 2005 (98) (Turkey) | EBV | 89% | 46% | No data | No data |
| HCMV | 78% | 27% | No data | No data | |
| Li et al. 2004 (107) (China) | EBV | 58% | 23% | 19% | No data |
| Tantivanich et al. 2004 (214) (Thailand) | HCMV | No data | 34% | No data | 3% |
| Percentage average (percentage median) positive samples | EBV HCMV | 65% (57%) 44% (44%) | 49% (46%) 44% (55%) | 22% (20%) 24% (24%) | 8% (7%) 17% (11%) |
*Gingival biopsies were studied. Patients received multiple sessions of nonsurgical periodontal therapy before virological sampling. Latent herpesvirus‐7 was identified in 90% of the periodontitis lesions studied.
**Patients received conventional periodontal therapy before virological sampling.