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. 2013 Dec 9;64(1):40–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00448.x

Figure 1.

Figure 1

 Viral infection steps: entry, replication, dissemination and infection of target cells/organs. Virions enter the host organism and spread to target tissues/organs where they can replicate and/or cause a persistent infection (latency). Latent viruses can become reactivated by several immune‐compromising events, such as smoking, inflammation, stress, trauma and immunosuppressive diseases.