Figure 1.

Standard work flow for different proteomics approaches commonly used in serum/plasma biomarker discovery. Prior to proteomic analysis, depletion of high‐abundance proteins, and prefractionation of the overall proteome are performed to reduce the complexity and dynamic range of protein concentration in serum/plasma samples. In order to perform comparative proteomic profiling of control and diseased samples, a variety of gel‐based, MS‐based, and array‐based techniques can be used. Results obtained in the initial discovery phase are usually validated with immunoassay‐based approaches, such as ELISA or Western blotting. Subsequently, ROC curve and multivariate statistical analysis are performed to determine the specificity and sensitivity and class prediction accuracy of the identified potential marker proteins.