Table 1.

Examples of associations between the use of some antimicrobials and resistance to these antimicrobials in specific bacteria.

Antimicrobials	Hosts	Associated Bacteria	Reference
Cefotaxime (a 3rd generation cephalosporin)	Broilers	E. coli	[16]
Cephalosporin	Pigs	E. coli	[21]
Avoparcin (a glycopeptide)	Broilers	E. faecium	[24,25]
Tylosin (a macrolide)	Pigs	E. faecium and E. faecalis	[25]
Tylosin (a macrolide)	Broilers	E. faecium	[25]
Virginiamycin (a streptogramin)	Broilers	E. faecium	[25]
Avilamycin (an oligosaccharide)	Broilers	E. faecium	[25]
Ampicillin	Livestock	E. coli	[22]
Fluoroquinolones and other quinolones	Food producing animals	E. coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli	[13,14]
Tetracyclines	Food producing animals	E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter jejuni	[13,14]
Macrolides	Food producing animals	Campylobacter coli	[13,14]
Ceftiofur (a 3rd generation cephalosporin)	Chickens	E. coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg	[27]