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. 2020 Jan 21;9(2):43. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9020043

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Therapeutic effect of manuka honey and Portuguese heather (PH) on 24 h-old (A,B) single- and (C,D) dual-species biofilms formed by (A,C) C. tropicalis and (B,D) P. aeruginosa after 24 h. * p < 0.1, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 indicates a statistically different reduction in comparison with the respective control. Fluorescence microscopy images of 24 h-old C. tropicalis biofilms treated with 0% honey (I), 50% manuka honey (II), 75% manuka honey (III), 50% PH (IV), and 75% PH (V), and images of dual-species (C. tropicalis and P. aeruginosa) biofilms treated with 0% honey (VI), 50% manuka (VII), 75% manuka (VIII), 50% PH (IX), and 75% PH (X). Live cells were green-stained and dead cells were red-stained. The bar represents 10 μm.