Table 1.
Clinical manifestations at diagnosis and at last follow-up (N = 555)
| Clinical items | At diagnosis | Cumulatively |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis, n (%) | 407 (73.3) | 473 (85.2) |
| Acute cutaneous lupus, n (%) | 361 (65.0) | 393 (70.8) |
| Malar rash, n (%) | 221 (39.8) | 250 (45.0) |
| Photosensitivity, n (%) | 282 (50.8) | 297 (53.5) |
| Chronic cutaneous lupus, n (%) | 55 (9.9) | 62 (11.2) |
| Oral/nasal ulcers, n (%) | 98 (17.7) | 143 (25.8) |
| Non-scarring alopecia, n (%) | 124 (22.3) | 175 (31.5) |
| Lupus nephritis, n (%) | 57 (10.3) | 118 (21.3) |
| Primary NPSLE, n (%) | 64 (11.5) | 98 (17.6) |
| Serositis, n (%) | 64 (11.5) | 104 (18.7) |
| Leucopaenia, n (%) | 132 (23.8) | 196 (35.3) |
| AIHA, n (%) | 15 (2.7) | 19 (3.4) |
| Thrombocytopaenia, n (%) | 68 (12.3) | 88 (15.9) |
| Raynaud’s, n (%) | 183 (33.0) | 205 (37.0) |
| Fever, n (%) | 138 (25.0) | 171 (31.0) |
| Livedo reticularis, n (%) | 38 (6.8) | 57 (10.2) |
| Lymphadenopathy, n (%) | 37 (6.7) | 51 (9.2) |
NPSLE: neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; AIHA: autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.