Table 1.

Demographic characteristics, mean values of positive Z-scores in the target volume of interest, and standardized scores for each subtest of the COGNISTAT in patients categorized into four diagnosis groups.

Characteristic	Diagnosis group					Statistical significancea
	Alzheimer’s disease	Dementia other than Alzheimer’s disease	Mild cognitive impairment	Other psychiatric disorders	Total
N	15	12	14	31	72
Sex, male: female	1:14	2:10	5:9	10:21	18:54
Age, years	76.7 ± 5.4	73.8 ± 9.4	73.8 ± 6.4	70.7 ± 9.7	73.0 ± 8.5	NS
Mean value of positive Z-scoresb	2.27 ± 0.94	1.33 ± 0.63**	1.74 ± 0.78	1.45 ± 0.54***	1.66 ± 0.77	P = 0.017
COGNISTAT items
Orientation	4.47 ± 4.21	7.00 ± 3.10	8.64 ± 3.03***	9.23 ± 1.59****	7.75 ± 3.35	P = 0.00014
Attention	4.60 ± 4.52	5.50 ± 3.78	5.93 ± 4.20	7.35 ± 3.89	6.19 ± 4.13	NS
Comprehension	5.87 ± 4.22	4.92 ± 3.58	8.93 ± 2.79	9.10 ± 2.34**	7.69 ± 3.52	P = 0.0017
Repetition	7.73 ± 3.15	6.92 ± 2.15	8.50 ± 2.18	9.74 ± 1.59*	8.61 ± 2.41	P = 0.013
Naming	7.20 ± 2.62	8.58 ± 1.24	8.79 ± 1.48*	9.48 ± 0.93****	8.72 ± 1.76	P = 0.0032
Constructional  ability	6.53 ± 2.42	7.00 ± 2.30	8.36 ± 1.99	8.29 ± 2.52	7.72 ± 2.44	NS
Memory	5.87 ± 1.25	6.58 ± 1.51	6.79 ± 1.12	7.65 ± 1.66***	6.93 ± 1.60	P = 0.025
Calculation	8.00 ± 2.73	8.17 ± 2.48	9.43 ± 1.65	9.42 ± 1.18	8.92 ± 1.98	NS
Similarities	8.60 ± 1.40	8.25 ± 1.22	9.14 ± 1.23	9.57 ± 1.01	9.06 ± 1.26	NS
Judgement	9.60 ± 1.84	9.33 ± 1.83	9.93 ± 1.33	10.37 ± 1.25	9.94 ± 1.53	NS

Data presented as n prevalence or mean ± SD.

^aCorrected P value; ^bobtained using the voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer’s disease.

*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005; ****P < 0.001 (post hoc analysis compared with Alzheimer’s disease, corrected).

NS, no statistically significant between-group difference (P > 0.05).