Figure 5.

Schematic representation of various genes identified in A. baumannii AB003 and their proposed role in copper tolerance based on genome, transcriptional, and bioinformatic analysis performed in this work. (A) The inner membrane (IM) and outer membrane (OM) are demonstrated as phospholipid bilayers, copper are depicted in grey ovals and directions of copper transport are indicated by arrows. In silico analysis was performed in order to predict the functions of each determinant, while subcellular localizations and transmembrane domains of copper-related proteins were determined according to the methodology described above. (B,C) The genetic architecture of four copper-responsive clusters are shown. (B) In the presence of a micromolar concentration of copper, proposed intrinsic copper-related genes (clusters A, B, and D) were regulated. (C) While in millimolar concentrations of copper, additional (cluster C) together with intrinsic copper-related genes were activated to promote the enzymatic detoxification and active efflux of copper.