Table 3.
Associations of fMRI task variables with clinical severity.
| Behavior: Drug-Self Condition | Behavior: Drug-Self > Remaining Conditions | Medial OFC: Drug-Self Condition | Medial OFC: Drug-Self > Remaining Conditions | ACC: Drug-Self Condition | ACC: Drug-Self > Remaining Conditions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) | |
| Drug-Choice Tasks | ||||||
| Probabilistic Cocaine Choice | −2.14 (3.64) | −0.31 (3.76) | −16.42 (25.71) | 12.03 (37.10) | −18.04 (25.13) | −8.96 (32.09) |
| Probabilistic Cocaine>Pleasant Choice | −8.53 (5.53) | −3.13 (5.80) | −31.51 (48.43) | 66.70 (47.84) | −27.06 (38.65) | 37.86 (39.44) |
| Explicit Cocaine Choice | −87.50 (21.30)* | −74.68 (20.60)* | 458.55 (256.47) | 687.87 (297.89)+ | 499.26 (298.30) | 764.30 (285.27)+ |
| Explicit Cocaine>Pleasant Choice | −23.40 (14.16) | −12.16 (21.35) | 22.68 (212.68) | 1142.43 (684.45) | 258.83 (442.05) | 842.16 (586.50) |
| Drug Use Variables | ||||||
| Cocaine Frequency (Days/Week, Last Month) | −1.09 (0.62) | −0.69 (0.82) | −5.39 (5.57) | 5.11 (6.91) | −1.38 (5.41) | 5.03 (5.65) |
| Cocaine Severity ($ Per Use, Last Month) | −5.34 (24.38) | 6.37 (26.87) | −385.57 (239.39) | 10.60 (371.17) | −388.25 (209.65) | −265.26 (269.15) |
| CSSA Questionnaire (Withdrawal Symptoms) | 2.89 (3.76) | −0.91 (2.41) | 14.49 (21.25) | 11.43 (27.84) | 51.97 (20.62)+ | −9.66 (32.61) |
| CQ Questionnaire (Craving) | −4.48 (2.87) | −1.38 (4.30) | 12.07 (37.51) | 57.15 (57.76) | 26.96 (36.07) | 40.07 (47.48) |
| SDS Questionnaire (Severity of Dependence) | 0.60 (1.04) | 1.64 (1.00) | −3.45 (12.29) | −24.27 (22.41) | −6.47 (15.88) | −19.13 (18.84) |
| Neuropsychological Functioning | ||||||
| Memory Composite | 0.22 (0.30) | 0.42 (0.27) | −2.17 (1.41) | −1.31 (1.46) | −4.33 (1.38)* | −3.17 (1.62) |
| Executive Function Composite | −0.16 (0.24) | −0.46 (0.29) | 2.09 (2.85) | −0.85 (3.08) | −0.60 (2.32) | −0.43 (1.96) |
Note. Analyses were generalized linear models, and were conducted in the cocaine use disorder (CUD) group only. Significance was based on the number correlations tested for a given class of variables: p<0.002 for drug-choice behavior and drug use severity, and p<0.004 for CANTAB composite scores. The models are defined such that the respective task variable is used to predict the respective severity measure. Asterisks denote (corrected) significant relationships; the plus sign denotes trends at p<0.05 (uncorrected). Abbreviations: OFC=orbitofrontal cortex, ACC=anterior cingulate cortex, CSSA=Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment, CQ=Cocaine Craving Questionnaire, SDS=Severity of Dependence Scale.