TABLE 5.

Means, SEs, and 95% CIs for gender by group interaction for HVLT-R and SDMT scores across both plasma vitamin C groups and gender categories¹

Cognitive measure	Plasma category (adequate/inadequate)	Gender	Sample size, n	Mean	SE	95% CI
Trial 1	Adequate	Male	27	6.89↓	0.38	6.15, 7.65
		Female	53	7.73	0.25	7.32, 8.23
	Inadequate	Male	7	6.82↓	0.66	5.61, 8.03
		Female	6	6.99	0.69	5.51, 8.57
Trial 2	Adequate	Male	27	9.56↓	0.39	8.78, 10.32
		Female	53	9.80	0.26	9.30, 10.31
	Inadequate	Male	27	8.67	0.62	7.44, 9.90
		Female	53	7.96↓	0.78	6.40, 9.53
Trial 3	Adequate	Male	27	10.55↓	0.30	9.96, 11.13
		Female	53	10.64	0.20	10.25, 11.03
	Inadequate	Male	7	9.29↓	0.47	8.36, 10.23
		Female	6	9.35	0.60	8.16, 10.15
Total recall	Adequate	Male	27	26.95↓	0.88	25.20, 28.70
		Female	53	28.26	0.58	27.10, 29.41
	Inadequate	Male	7	24.70	1.41	21.90, 27.51
		Female	6	24.26↓	1.78	20.70, 27.81
Delayed recall	Adequate	Male	27	9.98	0.39	9.21, 10.76
		Female	53	9.54↓	0.26	9.02, 10.05
	Inadequate	Male	7	7.72↓	0.68	6.36, 9.08
		Female	6	8.33	0.71	6.90, 9.75
Recognition index	Adequate	Male	27	10.84↓	0.26	10.32, 11.36
		Female	53	11.56	0.17	11.22, 11.90
	Inadequate	Male	7	10.59	0.46	9.68, 11.50
		Female	6	10.29↓	0.48	9.34, 11.24
SDMT	Adequate	Male	27	47.98↓	1.79	44.42, 52.14
		Female	53	49.76	1.18	47.41, 52.11
	Inadequate	Male	7	47.46	3.13	41.25, 53.71
		Female	6	40.87↓	3.67	33.34, 46.36

¹HVLT-R, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised; SDMT, Symbol Digits Modalities Test; ↓, lower mean value between genders (male/female) for vitamin C subgroup (adequate/inadequate).