. 2009 May 15:1003–1069. doi: 10.1016/B978-032304841-5.50053-4

Table 51-17.

Recommendations for Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Recommendation	Strength of Recommendation^*
▪ Educate personnel in correct techniques of catheter insertion and care.	I

▪ Catheterize only when necessary.	I

▪ Emphasize hand hygiene.	I

▪ Insert catheter using aseptic technique and sterile equipment.	I

▪ Secure catheter properly.	I

▪ Maintain closed sterile drainage.	I

▪ Obtain urine samples aseptically.	I

▪ Maintain unobstructed urine flow.	I

▪ Periodically re-educate personnel in catheter care.	II

▪ Use smallest suiTable bore catheter.	II

▪ Avoid irrigation unless needed to prevent or relieve obstruction.	II

▪ Refrain from daily meatal care with either of the regimens discussed in text.	II

▪ Do not change catheters at arbitrary fixed intervals.	II

▪ Consider alternative techniques of urinary drainage before using an indwelling urethral catheter.	III

▪ Replace the collecting system when sterile closed drainage has been violated.	III

▪ Spatially separate infected and uninfected patients with indwelling catheters.	III

▪ Avoid routine bacteriologic monitoring.	III

▪ Consider the use of a nitrofurantoin or silver hydrogel catheter.	NR^^

Category I, strongly recommended for adoption; Category II, moderately recommended for adoption; Category III, weakly recommended for adoption.

Novel technology was not addressed in this guideline.

Modified from Wong ES: Guideline for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Am J Infect Control 1983;11:28-36.