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. 2010 Dec 29:26–455. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-443-07151-5.50005-6

Table 3.11.

Key considerations for dental management in ankylosing spondylitis (see text)

Management modifications* Comments/possible complications
Risk assessment 2 Aortic valve disease; bone marrow depression

Pain and anxiety control
 – Local anaesthesia 1
 – Conscious sedation 1
 – General anaesthesia 3–5 Limited mouth opening; restricted chest expansion; cardiac disease

Patient access and positioning
 – Access to dental office 0
 – Timing of treatment 0
 – Patient positioning 1 Neck may be fixed in flexion

Treatment modification
 – Oral surgery 1
 – Implantology 1
 – Conservative/Endodontics 0
 – Fixed prosthetics 0
 – Removable prosthetics 0
 – Non-surgical periodontology 1
 – Surgical periodontology 1

Hazardous and contraindicated drugs 0
*

0 = No special considerations. 1 = Caution advised. 2 = Specialised medical advice recommended in some cases. 3 = Specialised medical advice mandatory. 4 = Only to be performed in hospital environment. 5 = Should be avoided.