Skip to main content
. 2010 Dec 29:26–455. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-443-07151-5.50005-6

Table 3.116.

Muscular dystrophies

Type Inheritance* Muscles affected Pseudohypertrophy Onset Progress Other features
Duchenne X All Usual Early childhood Rapid

  • Cardiomyopathy

  • Death in early adulthood
Becker X All Usual Late childhood Variable More benign than Duchenne type
Childhood AR All Usual Late childhood Variable More benign than Duchenne type
Limb girdle AR Pelvic and shoulder girdles Occasional Adolescence Variable

  • Severely disabling

  • May be cardiomyopathy
Facioscapulohumeral AD Starts in face and shoulder Rare Adolescence Slow

  • Most benign type

  • Normal life expectancy

  • Pouting of lips with facial weakness
Scapuloperoneal AD or X

  • Scapular

  • Peroneal

  • All

 Occasional Adolescence Slow

  • Cardiac conduction defects

  • Relatively benign
Congenital muscular AR Rare Birth Variable −
Distal myopathy AD Distal Rare Any age Slow −
Oculopharyngeal AD Facial and sternomastoid Rare Adult Slow

  • Dysphagia may be prominent

  • Weakness of masticatory muscles and tongue
*

AD = autosomal dominant, AR = autosomal recessive, X = x-linked.