Table 3.74.

Key considerations for dental management in HIV/AIDS (see text)

	Management modifications*	Comments/possible complications
Risk assessment	2	Prevent cross-infection; postoperative infection; prolonged haemorrhage
Appropriate dental care	2–4	Influenced by the long-term prognosis, the medical condition and the prior oral health status. Data protection; patient confidentiality
Pain and anxiety control
– Local anaesthesia	1
– Conscious sedation	2	Avoid benzodiazepines
– General anaesthesia	3/4
Patient access and positioning
– Access to dental office	0
– Timing of treatment	0
– Patient positioning	0
Treatment modification
– Oral surgery	3	Minimal complications; possibly antibiotic cover
– Implantology	3
– Conservative/Endodontics	2
– Fixed prosthetics	2
– Removable prosthetics	2
– Non-surgical periodontology	3
– Surgical periodontology	3
Hazardous and contraindicated drugs	2	Avoid aspirin and indometacin; multiple adverse drug reactions

^*0 = No special considerations. 1 = Caution advised. 2 = Specialised medical advice recommended in some cases. 3 = Specialised medical advice mandatory. 4 = Only to be performed in hospital environment. 5 = Should be avoided.