Table 5.
Zero-inflated Poisson regression results for the association between frailty status and instrumental activities of daily living limitations (model 7)
| Covariate | Logistic section OR (95% CI)* |
Poisson section RR (95% CI)† |
| Frailty | ||
| Robust | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Prefrailty | 0.32 (0.06 to 1.84) | 1.21 (0.67 to 2.16) |
| Frailty | 0.11 (0.02 to 0.59) | 4.16 (2.27 to 7.60) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 6.17 (1.31 to 29.40) | 1.02 (0.69 to 1.50) |
| Age group (years) | ||
| 60–64 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 65–69 | 1.88 (0.23 to 15.80) | 1.88 (0.71 to 4.96) |
| 70–74 | 0.62 (0.08 to 4.85) | 2.22 (0.78 to 6.32) |
| 75–79 | 0.24 (0.02 to 2.66) | 2.26 (0.91 to 5.60) |
| ≥80 | 0.05 (0.00 to 0.79) | 3.44 (1.31 to 9.02) |
| Longest-held occupation | ||
| Never-employed/skill level 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Skill level 2 | 4.34 (0.89 to 21.33) | 1.04 (0.69 to 1.57) |
| Skill level 3 or 4 | 6.42 (1.34 to 30.57) | 1.37 (0.97 to 1.93) |
| Social support | ||
| Poor/Moderate | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Strong | 5.81 (0.45 to 74.44) | 1.38 (1.08 to 1.78) |
| Multimorbidity | ||
| None or 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥2 | 1.49 (0.45 to 4.95) | 1.37 (1.03 to 1.83) |
| Self-perceived vision | ||
| Poor/fair | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Good/very good/excellent | 3.03 (0.61 to 15.49) | 1.11 (0.76 to 1.63) |
| Self-perceived hearing | ||
| Poor/fair | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Good/very good/excellent | 0.76 (0.16 to 3.71) | 0.88 (0.71 to 1.10) |
The reference category is 1.00. Statistically significant estimates (at the 5% level) are displayed in bold.
*Logistic section of the regression model estimates the log-odds of belonging to the ‘sure-zero’/‘not-at-risk’ class.
†Poisson section of the regression model estimates the count of IADL limitations for those estimated to belong to the ‘non-sure zero’/‘at risk’ latent class.
OR, odds ratio; RR, rate ratio.