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. 2020 Mar 25;10(3):e035831. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035831

Table 2.

Recognition of importance of participation, extent of willingness to participate and experience of participation in patient safety activities (n=492)

Patient participation practices Engaging in healthcare behaviours Frequency of participation
Recognition of importance Extent of willingness Experience of participation Always Often Sometimes Not at all
M±SD N (%)
Seeking a second opinion regarding an important healthcare decision 3.23±0.71 2.70±0.97 2.07±0.89 38 (7.7) 98 (19.9) 217 (44.1) 139 (28.3)
Asking healthcare workers to explain more fully something they just said that I do not understand 3.47±0.65 3.19±0.80 2.58±0.84 73 (14.8) 177 (36.0) 202 (41.1) 40 (8.1)
Bringing a friend or family member to a doctor’s appointment so that they can help ask questions and understand what the doctor was telling me 2.73±0.84 2.19±0.90 1.84±0.86 25 (5.1) 75 (15.2) 187 (38.0) 205 (41.7)
Asking healthcare workers if they washed their hands 2.96±0.84 1.43±0.76 1.37±0.74 13 (2.7) 39 (7.9) 64 (13.0) 376 (76.4)
Telling healthcare workers about any drug allergies when they did not ask for this information 3.55±0.69 3.08±1.02 2.22±1.10 82 (16.7) 118 (24.0) 118 (24.0) 174 (35.3)
Asking healthcare workers to confirm your identity before performing a procedure 3.20±0.84 2.05±1.02 1.64±0.94 31 (6.3) 65 (13.2) 91 (18.5) 305 (62.0)
Asking healthcare workers about the details of a procedure and the reason for a procedure before it is performed 3.55±0.67 3.31±0.82 2.88±0.95 150 (30.5) 178 (36.2) 120 (24.4) 44 (8.9)
Asking healthcare workers to explain care, such as an X-ray or drawing blood, that I was not told about by my doctor or nurse 3.43±0.72 2.86±0.95 2.50±1.04 108 (22.0) 125 (25.4) 164 (33.3) 95 (19.3)
Calling a healthcare worker when I undergo medical tests ordered and no one calls me with the results 3.40±0.70 3.29±0.83 2.50±1.10 117 (23.8) 129 (26.2) 127 (25.8) 119 (24.2)
Taking a written list of all the medications I’m currently taking when going to the doctor 3.22±0.80 2.34±1.07 2.02±1.03 55 (11.2) 102 (20.7) 132 (26.8) 203 (41.3)
Questioning medications or pills if I did not recognise them and never took this medication in the past 3.33±0.77 2.82±0.98 2.35±1.05 85 (17.3) 131 (26.6) 149 (30.3) 127 (25.8)
Checking that I received the right drug and strength before leaving the pharmacy 3.22±0.81 2.30±1.10 2.09±1.09 76 (15.5) 86 (17.5) 134 (27.2) 196 (39.8)
Reporting the errors I noticed had occurred in the hospital to a national reporting system 3.20±0.80 2.51±0.96 1.70±0.99 40 (8.1) 71 (14.4) 84 (17.1) 297 (60.4)
Total 3.27±0.51 2.62±0.52 2.13±0.63