Table 2.
Unadjusted and adjusted risks (ORs) of fractures related to history of falls in comparison to non-faller risk
| Type of fall | Any fracture (an = 811) |
Major osteoporotic fracture (n = 431) |
Other fracture (n = 380) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR, 95% CI, p value | ||||
| Any fall | ||||
| Total (n = 1693) | Unadjusted | 1.41 (1.19–1.67) *** | 1.26 (0.99–1.58) | 1.54 (1.22–1.95) *** |
| Adjusted | 1.38 (1.14–1.66) *** | 1.15 (0.88–1.49) | 1.61 (1.25–2.09) *** | |
| Occasional (n = 941) | Unadjusted | 1.38 (1.11–1.71) ** | 1.35 (1.02–1.80) * | 1.36 (1.00–1.86) * |
| Adjusted | 1.35 (1.07–1.72) * | 1.28 (0.93–1.75) | 1.40 (1.00–1.96) * | |
| Frequent (n = 752) | Unadjusted | 1.45 (1.15–1.83) ** | 1.14 (0.81–1.59) | 1.77 (1.30–2.40) *** |
| Adjusted | 1.42 (1.09–1.85) ** | 0.98 (0.66–1.47) | 1.89 (1.35–2.65) *** | |
| Slip fall | ||||
| Total (n = 812) | Unadjusted | 1.43 (1.14–1.80) ** | 1.24 (0.91–1.70) | 1.59 (1.17–2.17) ** |
| Adjusted | 1.47 (1.15–1.89) ** | 1.25 (0.89–1.76) | 1.67 (1.19–2.35) ** | |
| Occasional (n = 476) | Unadjusted | 1.38 (1.03–1.85) * | 1.41 (0.96–2.06) | 1.29 (0.84–1.98) |
| Adjusted | 1.33 (0.96–1.85) | 1.36 (0.90–2.06) | 1.26 (0.78–2.03) | |
| Frequent (n = 336) | Unadjusted | 1.51 (1.08–2.10) * | 1.01 (0.61–1.69) | 2.04 (1.34–3.09) *** |
| Adjusted | 1.67 (1.17–2.39) ** | 1.09 (0.63–1.90) | 2.26 (1.45–3.53) *** | |
| Nonslip fall | ||||
| Total (n = 654) | Unadjusted | 1.35 (1.04–1.74) * | 1.18 (0.83–1.68) | 1.50 (1.06–2.12) * |
| Adjusted | 1.30 (0.98–1.73) | 1.05 (0.70–1.56) | 1.62 (1.11–2.36) * | |
| Occasional (n = 383) | Unadjusted | 1.30 (0.93–1.81) | 1.17 (0.75–1.85) | 1.41 (0.89–2.22) |
| Adjusted | 1.30 (0.91–1.85) | 1.10 (0.67–1.80) | 1.51 (0.93–2.45) | |
| Frequent (n = 271) | Unadjusted | 1.41 (0.97–2.06) | 1.19 (0.70–2.02) | 1.63 (0.98–2.69) |
| Adjusted | 1.31 (0.84–2.02) | 0.88 (0.45–1.75) | 1.77 (1.02–3.06) * | |
| Injurious fall | ||||
| Total (n = 379) | Unadjusted | 1.64 (1.21–2.23) ** | 1.37 (0.89–2.10) | 1.86 (1.24–2.80) ** |
| Adjusted | 1.64 (1.18–2.29) ** | 1.38 (0.87–2.20) | 1.85 (1.18–2.90) ** | |
| Occasional (n = 299) | Unadjusted | 1.58 (1.12–2.24) ** | 1.45 (0.91–2.31) | 1.65 (1.02–2.66) * |
| Adjusted | 1.54 (1.06–2.25) * | 1.41 (0.85–2.35) | 1.61 (0.95–2.73) | |
| Frequent (n = 80) | Unadjusted | 1.86 (1.00–3.46) * | 1.07 (0.39–2.93) | 2.70 (1.29–5.65) ** |
| Adjusted | 2.05 (1.06–3.97) * | 1.29 (0.46–3.60) | 2.78 (1.24–6.23) ** | |
| Non-injurious fall | ||||
| Total (n = 1308) | Unadjusted | 1.36 (1.12–1.64) ** | 1.23 (0.95–1.59) | 1.46 (1.12–1.89) ** |
| Adjusted | 1.31 (1.06–1.62) ** | 1.08 (0.81–1.46) | 1.55 (1.16–2.07) ** | |
| Occasional (n = 640) | Unadjusted | 1.29 (1.00–1.68) * | 1.31 (0.93–1.85) | 1,24 (0.85–1.81) |
| Adjusted | 1.27 (0.95–1.69) | 1.21 (0.83–1.77) | 1.31 (0.87–1.98) | |
| Frequent (n = 668) | Unadjusted | 1.41 (1.10–1.81) ** | 1.15 (0.81–1.64) | 1.67 (1.20–2.33) ** |
| Adjusted | 1.36 (1.02–1.80) * | 0.95 (0.62–1.46) | 1.79 (1.25–2.57) ** | |
an, number of women; any fall, slip/nonslip/unknown falls
OR odds ratio, 95% confidence interval
*p ≤ 0.05
**p ≤ 0.01
***p ≤ 0.001
Adjusted for age, BMI, dairy calcium intake, number of prescribed medications, number of chronic health disorders, use of estrogen hormone therapy (1999–2004), current smoking, alcohol use, leisure physical activity, and restricted mobility