FIG 1.

PD-L1 induction by P. gingivalis. Upper: viable and heat-killed bacteria were added to SCC-25 cells in the indicated MOIs. After 1 day, cells were harvested and equal amounts of protein contained in cell lysates were used for Western blotting using the indicated antibodies, including β-Actin as a loading control. Lower: triplicates of the Western blots were used for protein quantification using the Image J software. Protein amounts in untreated cells were arbitrarily set as 1; the error bars show standard deviations.