Figure 8.

Proposed model for MPLA produced testis radiation protection. In macrophages, TLR4‐TRIF pathway was activated after MPLA administration. Subsequently, NF‐κB subunit p‐65 was phosphorylated and translocated into nuclear, which resulted in expression of multiple cytokines and chemokines. G‐CSF and MIP‐2, as the important mediators in testis radiation protection, were transported by macrophage‐derived exosomes and across the blood‐testis barrier and eventually promoted spermatogonias survival after irradiation