Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with normal versus abnormal peripheral microvascular endothelial function.
| All Patients N = 257 |
RH-PAT index |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤1.7 N = 70 |
>1.7 N = 187 |
|||
| Clinical parameters | ||||
| Age | 49.8 ± 13.5 | 52.2 ± 14.1 | 49.0 ± 13.2 | 0.10 |
| Male, n (%) | 110 (42.8) | 32 (45.7) | 78 (41.7) | 0.56 |
| White race | 250 (97.3) | 69 (98.6) | 181 (96.8) | 0.44 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 81 (31.5) | 31 (44.3) | 50 (26.7) | 0.01 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 5.4 | 29.3 ± 5.8 | 27.1 ± 5.1 | 0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 107 (41.6) | 30 (42.9) | 77 (41.2) | 0.81 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121.5 ± 16.8 | 123.1 ± 17.6 | 121.0 ± 16.5 | 0.36 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.6 ± 12.0 | 75.6 ± 11.7 | 75.6 ± 12.2 | 0.99 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 194 (75.5) | 59 (84.3) | 135 (72.2) | 0.05 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 106.9 ± 42.1 | 112.9 ± 39.3 | 104.7 ± 43.1 | 0.15 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 54.5 ± 16.8 | 52.6 ± 20.1 | 55.3 ± 15.4 | 0.32 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 24 (9.3) | 12 (17.1) | 12 (6.4) | 0.01 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 99.5 ± 21.3 | 100.6 ± 12.7 | 99.0 ± 23.9 | 0.51 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.5 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.5 ± 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.95 ± 0.24 | 0.99 ± 0.29 | 0.93 ± 0.21 | 0.15 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 76.2 ± 19.2 | 76.3 ± 22.9 | 76.2 ± 17.7 | 0.99 |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 95 (37.0) | 35 (50.0) | 60 (32.1) | 0.01 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 69 (27.0) | 24 (34.3) | 45 (24.2) | 0.10 |
| RH-PAT index | 2.06 (1.68–2.44) | 1.47 (1.38–1.61) | 2.24 (1.98–2.54) | <0.0001 |
| Homocysteine (μmol/L) | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 8.0 (6.8–11.0) | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 0.09 |
| Medications | ||||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 132 (51.3) | 36 (51.4) | 96 (51.3) | 0.99 |
| Statin, n (%) | 121 (47.1) | 31 (44.3) | 90 (48.1) | 0.58 |
| Anti-hypertensive, n (%) | 126 (49.0) | 40 (57.1) | 86 (46.0) | 0.11 |
| Anti-diabetic, n (%) | 14 (5.5) | 7 (10.1) | 7 (3.7) | 0.05 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 40 (15.6) | 13 (18.6) | 27 (14.5) | 0.43 |
| Vitamin B6, B12/folate, n (%) | 101 (39.3) | 28 (40.0) | 73 (39.0) | 0.89 |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; RH-PAT, reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry.