Table 3.
Baseline characteristics comparing patients with higher (>10.0 μmol/L) versus lower (≤10.0 μmol/L) levels of homocysteine.
| Homocysteine (μmol/L) |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| ≤10.0 N = 206 |
>10.0 N = 51 |
||
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Age | 47.6 ± 12.3 | 58.9 ± 14.4 | <0.0001 |
| Male, n (%) | 76 (36.9) | 34 (66.7) | 0.0001 |
| White race | 202 (98.1) | 48 (94.1) | 0.12 |
| Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 59 (28.6) | 22 (43.1) | 0.05 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.3 ± 5.4 | 29.2 ± 5.3 | 0.03 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 82 (39.8) | 25 (49.0) | 0.23 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120.1 ± 15.9 | 127.1 ± 19.2 | 0.02 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.3 ± 12.3 | 77.1 ± 10.8 | 0.29 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 156 (75.7) | 38 (74.5) | 0.86 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 107.9 ± 42.8 | 103.2 ± 39.4 | 0.47 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 54.5 ± 15.6 | 54.6 ± 21.1 | 0.99 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 15 (7.3) | 9 (17.7) | 0.02 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 98.7 ± 22.9 | 102.7 ± 11.7 | 0.11 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.5 ± 0.8 | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 0.26 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.91 ± 0.21 | 1.08 ± 0.30 | 0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 78.3 ± 19.4 | 67.2 ± 15.8 | 0.0002 |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 72 (35.0) | 23 (45.1) | 0.18 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 49 (23.9) | 20 (39.2) | 0.03 |
| RH-PAT index | 2.08 (1.74–2.46) | 1.74 (1.55–2.28) | 0.01 |
| Homocysteine (μmol/L) | 8.0 (6.0–9.0) | 13.0 (11.0–14.0) | <0.0001 |
| Medications | |||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 102 (49.5) | 30 (58.8) | 0.23 |
| Statin, n (%) | 95 (46.1) | 26 (51.0) | 0.53 |
| Anti-hypertensive, n (%) | 95 (46.1) | 31 (60.8) | 0.06 |
| Anti-diabetic, n (%) | 8 (3.9) | 6 (11.8) | 0.03 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 28 (13.7) | 12 (23.5) | 0.08 |
| Vitamin B6, B12/folate, n (%) | 90 (43.7) | 11 (21.6) | 0.004 |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; RH-PAT, reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry.