| BBB maintenance |
BBB breakdown and white matter attenuation |
BBB breakdown and causes hemorrhagic stroke |
BBB breakdown and white matter attenuation |
Armulik et al. (2010), Bell et al. (2010), Daneman et al. (2010), Seo et al. (2014), Nikolakopoulou et al. (2019), Stebbins et al. (2019)
|
| Angiogenesis |
Compensatory angiogenesis |
Revascularization and blood vessel stabilization |
|
Liu et al. (2000), Zechariah et al. (2013), Durham et al. (2014), Eilken et al. (2017), Teichert et al. (2017), Berthiaume et al. (2018), Blocki et al. (2018)
|
| Regulation of CBF (neurovascular coupling) |
|
Capillary constriction and no-reflow phenomenon after stroke |
Capillary constriction and CBF reduction |
Yemisci et al. (2009), Bell et al. (2010), Fernández-Klett et al. (2010), Hamilton et al. (2010), Hall et al. (2014), Hill et al. (2015), Kisler et al. (2017b), Cai et al. (2018), Khennouf et al. (2018)
|
| Clearance of the brain |
Trap toxic substances |
Trap toxic substances |
Aβ clearance |
Armulik et al. (2010), Bell et al. (2010),Sagare et al. (2013), Schultz et al. (2017), Ma et al. (2018)
|
|
|
Acquire microglial properties |
|
Özen et al. (2014), Sakuma et al. (2016)
|
| Immunological property |
Release inflammatory substances |
Release of pro- and anti-inflammatory substances |
Release inflammatory substances |
Kovac et al. (2011), Proebstl et al. (2012), Guijarro-Muñoz et al. (2014), Herland et al. (2016), Rustenhoven et al. (2016), Ogura et al. (2017), Duan et al. (2018), Matsumoto et al. (2018), Smyth L.C.D. et al. (2018)
|
| Stem cell-like property |
|
Change to microglia-like cellsand stem cells |
|
Özen et al. (2014), Nakagomi et al. (2015a), Sakuma et al. (2016)
|
| Scar formation |
Astrogliogenesis |
Make barrier between infarcted and intact area |
|
Göritz et al. (2011), Makihara et al. (2015), Dias et al. (2018), Hesp et al. (2018), Uemura et al. (2018)
|
