Table 3.
Effects of the crude extract (CE) of Jungia sellowii Less., its derived fractions (aqueous (AqF), butanol (BuOHF), and ethyl acetate (EtOAcF)), and isolated compounds (curcuhidroquinone O-β-glucose (CUR) and piptizol (Pip)), upon cytokine concentrations, in the inflammation induced by carrageenan in the mouse model of pleurisy.
| Groups | Doses (mg/kg) | TNF-α (pg/mL) (% of inhibition) | IFN-γ (pg/mL) (% of inhibition) | IL-6 (pg/mL) (% of inhibition) | IL-12 (pg/mL) (% of inhibition) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sal | 0.9%a | 9.20 ± 3.25 | 25.0 ± 0.50 | 15.50 ± 2.96 | 13.0 ± 0.70 |
| Cg | 1%a | 1252.00 ± 144.09 | 91.60 ± 8.40 | 1878.00 ± 37.84 | 363.70 ± 38.2 |
| CE | 50b | 945.10 ± 89.48 (24.51 ± 7.15)∗ | 11.11 ± 2.60 (86.61 ± 2.87)∗∗ | 110.08 ± 3.89 (86.51 ± 5.03)∗∗ | 35.0 ± 2.5 (90.38 ± 0.85%)∗∗ |
| AqF | 10b | 426.8 ± 60.3 (65.91 ± 4.82%)∗∗ | 9.0 ± 1.10 (90.21 ± 1.15)∗∗ | 209.10 ± 132.5 (82.90 ± 8.30)∗∗ | 31.50 ± 6.60 (91.33 ± 2.33%)∗∗ |
| EtOAcF | 10b | 824.9 ± 141.4 (34.11 ± 14.58)∗∗ | 23.50 ± 1.20 (74.36 ± 1.64%)∗∗ | 110.3 ± 10.25 (94.13 ± 0.74)∗∗ | 90.60 ± 9.20 (75.10 ± 3.26%)∗∗ |
| BuOHF | 10b | 179.2 ± 50.52 (85.68 ± 5.21)∗∗ | 11.5 ± 0.40 (87.40 ± 0.60)∗∗ | 72.75 ± 4.89 (96.13 ± 0.34)∗∗ | 236.00 ± 8.4 (35.11 ± 2.98%)∗∗ |
| CUR | 2.5b | 465.30 ± 28.15 (62.83 ± 2.90%)∗∗ | 21.50 ± 0.40 (76.62 ± 8.92)∗∗ | 96.79 ± 23.29 (94.85 ± 1.60)∗∗ | 10.7 ± 0.70 (97.05 ± 3.2)∗∗ |
| Pip | 1.0b | 978.2 ± 73.81 (21.81 ± 7.61)∗ | 12.0 ± 1.40 (86.87 ± 2.02)∗∗ | 119.50 ± 4.02 (93.63 ± 0.28)∗∗ | 96.80 ± 28.60 (73.38 ± 10.17%)∗∗ |
| Dex | 0.5b | 18.86 ± 4.17 (98.49 ± 0.43)∗∗ | 27.5 ± 0.20 (85.45 ± 0.32)∗∗ | 42.77 ± 14.77 (97.72 ± 1.02)∗∗ | 33.90 ± 7.50 (90.69 ± 2.67%)∗∗ |
TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; IFN-γ: interferon gamma; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-12: interleukin-12. Crude extract (CE: 50 mg/kg) of Jungia sellowii Less., aqueous fraction (AqF 25 mg/kg), butanol fraction (BuOHF: 10 mg/kg), ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAcF: 10 mg/kg), curcuhidroquinone O-β-glucose (CUR: 2.5 mg/kg), and piptizol (Pip: 1 mg/kg) administered 0.5 h before pleurisy induction by carrageenan (1%). Sal: animals treated only with sterile saline solution (NaCl, 0.9%); Cg: animals treated only with carrageenan (1%); Dex: animals pretreated with dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg). aAdministered by intrapleural injection (i.pl.); badministered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.). Each group represents the mean ± SEM of 5 animals compared to the positive control group (Cg); ANOVA/Newman-Keuls's test. ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01.