Table 2.

Stakeholder classifications from Goodman et al. (2017), phosphorus examples by authors.

Organisational role	Definitionsa	Phosphorus examples
Stimulator	Stakeholder role involving a call for ideas or offer of initial funding to resolve a social or environmental issue that sets the innovation in motion.	Research council or impact investor issuing funding for research into sustainable phosphorus.
Initiator	Initiating, inspiring and/or generating the idea for the innovation. A stakeholder assuming the initiator role may also be actively involved at later stages of the innovation process.	Inventor of a novel phosphorus recovery technology or deeper understanding of phosphorus-soil dynamics.
Broker/mediator	Integrating other stakeholders; Organizing testing, pilots and trials, and collecting feedback.	Entrepreneurs and phosphorus stakeholder platforms.
Concept refiner	Give feedback and technical expertise to make the product/service more attractive to a wider range of end users.”	Farmers, water companies, householders.
Legitimator	Assuring and promoting the brand.	A UN or official non-partisan science organisation backing a sustainable phosphorus initiative.
Educator	Providing, educating and communications.	A public agriculture department providing new phosphorus guidance for farmers.
Context enabler	Dealing with infrastructure and regulation.	Governments or water companies responsible for providing regulation and infrastructure for phosphorus management.
Impact extender	Extending and increasing usage and impact.	A grassroots organisation or NGO taking-up government or scientific knowledge about phosphorus management.

^aDirect quotes from Goodman et al. (2017).