Table 2.
CSF findings, microbiologic features and etiology of bacterial meningitis in diabetic patients
| Characteristics | Diabetic Patients (n = 106) |
Other Patients (n = 609) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSF examination | |||
| • White blood cell count, median (IQR) | 960 (2672) | 1008 (2670) | 0.723 |
| • Protein, g/l, median (IQR) | 3.2 (6.4) | 3.4 (4.75) | 0.445 |
| • CSF/plasma glucose ratio, median (IQR) | 0.31 (0.36) | 0.21 (0.36) | 0.079 |
| Positive CSF gram-stained smear | 37 (34.9) | 255 (41.9) | 0.57 |
| Positive CSF culture | 81 (76.4) | 429 (70.4) | 0.39 |
| Positive blood culture | 67 (63.2) | 273 (44.8) | < 0.001 |
| Etiology | |||
| • Meningococcal | 11 (10.4) | 194 (31.9) | < 0.001 |
| • Pneumococcal | 26 (24.5) | 154 (25.3) | 0.632 |
| • Listeria and gram-positive bacillia | 19 (17.9) | 64 (10.5) | 0.033 |
| • Gram-negative bacillib | 10 (9.4) | 32 (5.3) | 0.114 |
| • Haemophilus influenza | 3 (2.8) | 16 (2.6) | 0.753 |
| • Otherc | 17 (16) | 30 (4.9) | < 0.001 |
| • Mixedd | 0 (0) | 4 (0.7) | 1.000 |
| • Unknown origin | 16 (15.1) | 115 (18.9) | 0.415 |
Gram-positive bacillia: Listeria monocytogenes (79) and Bacillus spp. (4). Gram-negative bacillib: Escherichia coli (17), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9), Pseudomonas spp (3), Klebsiella spp (2), Proteus mirabilis (2), Serratia marcescens (1), Serratia spp (2), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Citrobacter freundii (1), Bacteroides melaninogenicus (1), Acinetobacter baumannii (1), Fusobacterium (1). Otherc: S. agalactiae (9), Staphylococcus aureus (8), Enterococcus faecalis (3), S. pyogenes (3), S. viridans (3), Brucella spp (2), Neisseria subflava (1), Staphylococcus anginosus (1), Staphylococcus lugdunensis (1), Staphylococcus spp. (19, Group G Streptococcus (1). Mixed meningitisd: Bacteroides intermedius + Streptococcus viridans (1), E.cloacae + S.viridans (1), Peptostreptococcus spp + anaerobic unidentified gram negative bacilli (1), and Peptostreptococcus spp + Bacteroides spp (1)
CI confidence interval, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation, CSF cerebrospinal fluid
Values are reported as no./no. evaluated (%), unless otherwise noted