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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Cell Res. 2020 Mar 7;390(1):111935. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111935

FIGURE 3. PARylation is at the intersection of primed and naïve pluripotent metabolomes.

FIGURE 3.

Distinct metabolomes have been characterized in primed and naïve states of human and mouse PSC [128, 129]. Metabolic activities, metabolites, and enzymes that are predominant in primed and naïve pluripotent states [128, 129] are indicated in blue and red, respectively. The substrate of ADP-ribosylation (i.e., NAD+) and its byproduct (i.e., nicotinamide) are integrated within PSC metabolic activities (i.e., oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, metabolic methyl-sink, one-carbon cycle). PARP-1, PARP-2, and tankyrases produce longer PAR polymers than all other PARP, and are responsible for most PARP-related NAD+ consumption. Thus, the PARP activity of these enzymes is presumptively the most affected by switching metabolism.