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. 2014 Oct 10:771–819. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-415766-8.00015-X

TABLE 15.2.

World Bank Model for Priority Cost-Effective Health Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Developing Countries


Burden of Disease Averted (%)
Service Type Low-Income Countries Middle-Income Countries
Public health interventions
EPI-plus immunization (DPT, polio, measles, BCG, hepatitis B, yellow fever, vitamin A) 6.0 1.0
Other public health programs (family planning, health, and nutrition education) NA NA
Tobacco and alcohol control programs 0.1 0.3
AIDS prevention program 2.0 2.3
School health program (including deworming) 0.1 0.4
Subtotal (public health) 8.2 4.0
Clinical interventions
Treatment of tuberculosis (short course) 1.0 1.0
Integrated management of the sick child 14.0 4.0
Prenatal and delivery care 4.0
Family planning 3.0 1.0
Treatment of STIs 1.0 1.0
Limited care: pain, trauma, infection plus as resources permit 1.0 1.0
Subtotal (clinical care) 24.0 8.0
Total 32.2 12.0

Note: Low-income = < US$350 gross national product (GNP) per capita; middle income = > US$2500 GNP per capita. Cost per immunized child = US$14.60 (US$0.50 per capita) and US$27.20 (US$0.80 per capita) in low- and middle-income countries, respectively.

DPT = diphtheria–pertussis–tetanus; BCG = bacille Calmette–Guérin; AIDS = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; STI = sexually transmitted infection.

Note: The World Development Report was an innovative basis for follow-up work, as reported in Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G, Claeson M, Evans DB, et al., editors. Disease control priorities in developing countries. 2nd ed. Disease Control Priorities Project. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2006.

Source: Adapted from World Bank. World development report. Investing in health. New York: Oxford University Press; 1993.