TABLE 16.2.
Health Status Indicators by Country Income Group, Selected Years, 1990–2009
| Low Income | Lower Middle Income | Upper Middle Income | High Income | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GNI per capita 2009 (PPP, US$) | $1,457 | 4,696 | 12,447 | 36,708 |
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | ||||
| 1990 | 52 | 63 | 68 | 76 |
| 2009 | 57 | 68 | 71 | 80 |
| Adolescent fertility rate (per 1000 girls aged 15–19 years), 2000–2008 | 115 | 37 | 53 | 21 |
| Total fertility rate (per 1000 adult women) | ||||
| 1990 | 5.4 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 1.8 |
| 2009 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
| Adult literacy rate (%) | ||||
| 1990–1999 | 40 | 63 | 87 | NA |
| 2000–2008 | 63 | 80 | 92 | NA |
| Births attended by trained attendant 2000–2010 (%) | 40 | 64 | 96 | 100 |
| Maternal mortality ratio (confidence interval) | ||||
| 1990 | 850 (590–1300) | 400 (290–590) | 120 (95–160) | 15 (14–19) |
| 2008 | 580 (420–840) | 230 (170–330) | 82 (66–110) | 15 (14–18) |
| Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | ||||
| 1990 | 108 | 64 | 40 | 10 |
| 2009 | 75 | 42 | 19 | 6 |
| Under-5 mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | ||||
| 1990 | 170 | 90 | 50 | 12 |
| 2009 | 117 | 57 | 22 | 7 |
| Low birth weight, 2000–2009 (%) | 15 | 17 | 8 | 7 |
| Immunization (%) | ||||
| Measles | ||||
| 1990 | 57 | 73 | 78 | 84 |
| 2009 | 78 | 79 | 93 | 93 |
| DPT3 | ||||
| 1990 | 58 | 78 | 74 | 88 |
| 2009 | 80 | 79 | 93 | 95 |
Note: GNI = gross national income; PPP = purchasing power parity; DPT3 = diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus vaccine, three doses.
Source: World Health Organization. World health statistics. 2011. Geneva: WHO. Available at: http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/EN_WHS2011_Full.pdf [Accessed 12 June 2013].