Table 1.

Association between markers of early life infection and diabetes in middle age: the 1970 British Cohort Study

	Men			Women
	N diabetes cases/N at risk	Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)	Multiply-adjusted OR (95% CI)	N diabetes cases/N at risk	Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)	Multiply-adjusted OR (95% CI)
Hospitalization in childhood
None	134/2,628	1.0 (Ref)	Ref	89/3,064	Ref	Ref
Noninfection	32/679	0.92 (0.62, 1.37)	0.95 (0.61, 1.48)	19/505	1.31 (0.79, 2.16)	1.22 (0.69, 2.17)
Infection	19/238	1.62 (0.98, 2.66)	1.60 (0.91, 2.83)	7/229	1.05 (0.48, 2.31)	0.95 (0.40, 2.22)
CMV exposure
Negative	52/1,062	1.0 (Ref)	Ref	34/962	Ref	Ref
Positive	34/478	1.49 (0.95, 2.32)	1.47 (0.87, 2.47)	20/610	0.93 (0.53, 1.62)	0.53 (0.26, 1.11)
Childhood overcrowding
<4 siblings	167/3,409	1.0 (Ref)	Ref	106/3,652	Ref	Ref
≥4 siblings	15/153	2.11 (1.21, 3.68)	2.20 (1.16, 4.16)	8/182	1.54 (0.74, 3.20)	0.47 (0.12, 1.96)
Combined infection
None	120/2,784	1.0 (Ref)	Ref	89/2,924	Ref	Ref
Any	62/778	1.92 (1.40, 2.64)	1.84 (1.29, 2.64)	25/910	0.93 (0.62, 1.40)	0.60 (0.34, 1.06)

Adjusted models contain the following covariates: father’s social occupational group, parental smoking, childhood public care, childhood BMI. Ref, reference.