TABLE 2:

Medical Conditions Associated with OSAS

Craniofacial Anomalies:

Achondroplasia

Apert syndrome

Beckwith-Wiedemann

Choanal stenosis

Crouzon syndrome

Down syndrome

Goldenhar syndrome

Hallerman-Streiff syndrome

Klippel-Feil syndrome

Laryngomalacia

Marfan syndrome

Micrognathia

Midface hypoplasia

Nager syndrome

Palate formation (e.g. high and narrow hard palate)

Pfeiffer syndrome

Retrognathia

Robin sequence

Rubinstein-Taybi

Stickler syndrome

Subglottic stenosis

Treacher-Collins syndrome

Neurological disorders:

Arnold-Chiari malformation

Cerebral palsy

Möbius syndrome

Muscular dystrophy

Myasthenia gravis

Myelomeningocele

Myotonic dystrophy

Poliomyelitis

Spinal muscular atrophy

Syringobulbia

Syringomyelia

Miscellaneous disorders:

Airway papillomatosis

Congenital hypothyroidism

Face and neck burns

Family history of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

History of prematurity

Mucopolysaccharidoses (e.g. Hurler, Hunter)

Obesity

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Prader Willi syndrome

Sickle cell disease

Postoperative Disorders:

Post adenotonsillectomy leading to naso- and/or oro-pharyngeal stenosis

Post pharyngeal flap: leading to naso- and/or oro-pharyngeal stenosis