Table 1.
Patient, engraftment characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients with AML/MDS undergoing haploidentical transplantation with fludarabine/melphalan-based conditioning.
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Age in years, median (range) | 61 (55–69) |
| Follow-up in months in surviving patients, median (range) | 19 (6–49) |
| Disease, N (%) | |
| AML | 25 (58) |
| MDS | 10 (23) |
| MDS/AML | 8 (19) |
| Cytogenetics at diagnosis, N (%) | |
| Poor | 16 (37) |
| Intermediate | 24 (56) |
| Good | 3 (7) |
| Conditioning, N (%) | |
| FM100-based | 29 (67) |
| FM140-based | 14 (33) |
| Stem cell source, N (%) | |
| BM | 42 (98) |
| Peripheral blood stem cells | 1 (2) |
| Disease status at SCT, N (%) | |
| CR1 or CR2 | 22 (51) |
| Other | 21 (49) |
| HCT-CI score, median (range) | 3 (0–11) |
| Donors’ relation to the recipient, N (%) | |
| Child | 8 (19) |
| Sibling | 8 (19) |
| Donor age in years, median (range) | 37 (20–62) |
| Donor age ≤40 years, N (%) | 28 (65) |
| Sex mismatch, N (%) | |
| Female donor/Male recipient | 6 (14) |
| Other | 37 (29) |
| Engraftment, N (%) Engrafted | 41 (95) |
| Delayed | 1 (2) |
| Early death | 1 (2) |
| Time to engraftment in days (median, range) | |
| Time to neutrophil engraftment (n=41) | 19 (13–28) |
| Time to platelet >20,000 (n=31) | 28 (15–117) |
| Outcomes, percent (95% CI) | |
| 2-year OS | 42 (26–57) |
| 2-year PFS | 42 (27–57) |
| 2-year relapse incidence | 24 (14–41) |
| Day +100 NRM | 21 (12–37) |
| 1-year NRM | 30 (19–48) |
| 2-year NRM | 34 (22–52) |
| aGVHD maximum grade, N (%) | |
| 0 | 22 (51%) |
| 1 | 6 (14%) |
| 2 | 13 (30%) |
| 3 or 4 | 2 (5%) |
| 6-month cumulative incidence of aGVHD, percent (95% CI) | |
| Grade 2–4 | 35 (23–52) |
| Grade 3–4 | 5 (1–19) |
| Chronic GVHD, N (%) | |
| de novo | 0 (0) |
| Relapsing | 3 (7) |
| Progressive | 0 (0) |
| 2-year cumulative incidence of cGVHD, percent (95% CI) | 9 (3–27) |
AML – acute myeloid leukemia, MDS – myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS/AML – MDS progressed to AML, Cytogenetics – Southwestern Oncology Group cytogenetics risk category; FM100: fludarabine and melphalan 100 mg/m2; FM140 – fludarabine and melphalan 140 mg/m2, BM – bone marrow, CR1 – first complete remission, CR2 – second complete remission, HCT-CI – hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index; OS – overall survival; PFS – progression free survival; NRM – non-relapse mortality; aGVHD – acute graft-vs-host disease; cGVHD – chronic graft-vs-host disease.