Table 2.

Total blood cell counts and inflammatory markers in the study subjects according to WBC levels.

	Total (n = 95)						pa	pb
	WBC < 4.0(n = 38)		4.0 ≤ WBC < 8.0(n = 38)		WBC ≥ 8.0(n = 19)
TOTAL BLOOD CELL COUNTS
WBC (×103/μL)§	3.49 ± 0.07c		5.74 ± 0.18b		9.08 ± 0.27a		<0.001	<0.001
Lymphocyte (%)§	41.8 ± 1.71a		35.8 ± 1.63b		31.5 ± 1.92b		<0.001	0.003
Monocyte (%)§	8.31 ± 0.76a		6.05 ± 0.78b		11.3 ± 1.80a		0.001	0.001
Granulocyte (%)†	49.9 ± 2.03b		58.1 ± 1.94a		57.2 ± 3.01a,b		0.003	0.036
Platelet (×103/μL)§	227.7 ± 7.78b		235.4 ± 8.77b		268.0 ± 13.6a		0.028	0.010
MLR§	0.17 ± 0.02b		0.15 ± 0.02b		0.35 ± 0.06a		<0.001	<0.001
GLR†	1.48 ± 0.10		1.91 ± 0.13		2.09 ± 0.19		0.004	0.035
PLR§	174.9 ± 9.51a		128.0 ± 7.61b		100.7 ± 6.16c		<0.001	<0.010
MPR§	0.42 ± 0.02a		0.41 ± 0.01a,b		0.36 ± 0.03b		0.038	0.018
INFLAMMATORY MARKERS
hs-CRP (mg/L)§	0.54 ± 0.15b		0.51 ± 0.06b		1.49 ± 0.51a		<0.001	0.009
IL-1β (pg/mL)	0.82 ± 0.13		0.72 ± 0.12		0.73 ± 0.12		0.835	0.867
IL-2 (pg/mL)§	39.1 ± 2.60		38.9 ± 2.99		54.5 ± 7.94		0.185	0.323
IL-6 (pg/mL)†	4.03 ± 0.62		3.45 ± 0.49		4.72 ± 1.16		0.618	0.710
IL-12 (pg/mL)§	61.7 ± 18.7		40.1 ± 6.05		54.9 ± 16.1		0.618	0.712
TNF-α (pg/mL)§	7.40 ± 0.99		9.27 ± 1.14		11.3 ± 1.57		0.091	0.149
IFN-γ (pg/mL)§	7.76 ± 0.97b		7.38 ± 0.67a,b		13.8 ± 3.75a		0.045	0.021

Mean ± standard error (SE).

^§variables tested following logarithmic transformation. p^a-values were derived from one-way ANOVA.

^†variables tested by a nonparametric test (Kruskal-Wallis test). p^b-values are p^a-values adjusted ~ for age, sex, and weight. After the adjustment, significant changes among the groups are marked the different alphabet letters (a, b, and c) following Bonferroni post hoc test. All p-values <0.05 were considered significant.

GLR, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MLR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; MPR, monocyte-to-platelet ratio; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; WBC, white blood cell.