Fig. 1.

(A) Operations performed per week during the COVID-19 outbreak in China (black line) compared to the same period in 2019 (gray line) matched by the spring festival timing. Red dots show the number of domestic COVID-19 patients in Shanghai. Timeline of efforts to avoid the spread of COVID-19: January 24, Shanghai initiated a level 1 response because of the emergency; January 27, patients coming from areas where the epidemic was severe were recommended to undergo self-isolation for 14 d before entering the hospital; January 29, enrollment in clinical trials was stopped; February 1, epidemic history proved by the patient’s neighborhood committee is recommended before entering the hospital for cancer treatments; February 11, physicians mobilized to support epidemic hospitals; February 14, chest CT and blood routine required before a patient can be hospitalized; February 19, blood supply restricted; March 2, most restrictions cancelled as COVID-19 was under control; March 24, the response in Shanghai was downgraded from level 1 to level 2. (B) Operations per week for lethal diseases during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. (C) Operations per week for patients aged >70 yr during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. (D) Cumulative protocol deviations (PDs) per day for patients who were in a clinical trial.