Table 3.
Descriptive characteristics for all waves using the weighted sample
| Mean | |
|---|---|
| Household Characteristics | |
| Number of children | 2.3 (1.0) |
| Live-in grandparent (%) | 3.9 |
| Total household size | 4.2 (1.2) |
| Parent Characteristics | |
| Mother’s age at birth | 29.7 (5.8) |
| Mother’s ethnicity (%) | |
| White | 91.1 |
| Black/black British | 2.2 |
| Pakistani/Bangladeshi | 3.0 |
| Indian | 1.8 |
| Asian or other | 1.1 |
| Mixed | 0.8 |
| Immigrant (%) | 9.1 |
| Married or cohabiting (%) | 64.9 |
| Education (%) | |
| None | 8.8 |
| NVQ Level 1 (less than lower secondary qualifications) | 7.2 |
| NVQ Level 2 (lower secondary qualifications) | 28.6 |
| NVQ Level 3 (upper secondary qualifications) | 15.4 |
| NVQ Level 4 (first tertiary degree (BA)) | 34.3 |
| NVQ Level 5 (postgraduate degree) | 5.8 |
| Mother serious psychological distress (%) | 26.4 |
| Focal Child Characteristics | |
| Male (%) | 51.5 |
| Age | 5.1 (1.7) |
| Internalizing behavior problems (0–20) | 2.0 (2.5) |
| Externalizing behavior problems (0–20) | 4.1 (3.9) |
| Economic Hardship | |
| No economic hardship (%) | 50.3 |
| Income poverty (%) | 24.4 |
| Material deprivation (%) | 14.4 |
| Subjective financial stress (%) | 36.1 |
| Number of Family Waves | 52,623 |
Notes: Standard deviations are shown in parentheses. Means were calculated using all waves of data for the weighted sample.