Table 1.

Demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches, clinical outcomes, and impact on households of children with different hMPV genotypes and hMPV co-infections

Characteristics	hMPV-A (n = 24)	hMPV-B (n = 14)	Untyped hMPV (n = 11)	hMPV-Co-infected (n = 11)
Demographic data
Gender, males (%)	16 (67)	7 (50)	5 (45)	4 (45)
Mean age ± S.D. (years)	2.2 ± 1.6	2.1 ± 1.4	2.3 ± 1.8	2.8 ± 1.4
Clinical presentation
Axillary temperature ≥ 38 °C (%)	19 (79)	9 (64)	6 (55)	10 (91)
Common cold (%)	0 (0)	2 (14)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Pharyngitis (%)	6 (25)	3 (21)	2 (18)	5 (46)
Acute otitis media (%)	2 (8)	3 (21)	1 (9)	0 (0)
Acute bronchitis (%)	4 (17)	2 (14)	3 (28)	2 (18)
Bronchiolitis (%)	4 (17)	1 (8)	2 (18)	1 (9)
Pneumonia (%)	4 (17)	2 (14)	2 (18)	2 (18)
Gastroenteritis (%)	2 (8)	1 (8)	1 (9)	0 (0)
Fever without source (%)	2 (8)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (9)
Clinical outcome
Hospitalisation (%)	4 (17)	1 (7)	1 (9)	1 (9)
Lost school days, median (range)	8 (1–15)	5 (1–10)	5 (1–10)	7 (1–15)
Pharmacological treatment
Antibiotics	12 (50)	8 (57)	5 (45)	6 (55)
Antipyretics	15 (63)	9 (64)	5 (45)	9 (82)
Inhaled bronchodilators	5 (21)	4 (29)	2 (18)	2 (18)
Inhaled steroids	1 (4)	0 (0)	1 (9)	0 (0)
Oral steroids	2 (8)	0 (0)	1 (9)	1 (9)
Household contacts
Disease similar to that of infected child (%)	12/85 (14)	4/47 (8)	3/39 (8)	5/41 (12)
Additional medical visits (%)	7/85 (8)	5/47 (11)	1/39 (3)	2/41 (5)
Antipyretic prescriptions (%)	8/85 (9)	4/47 (8)	3/39 (8)	5/41 (12)
Antibiotic prescriptions (%)	2/85 (2)	2/47 (4)	1/39 (3)	2/41 (5)
Hospitalisation (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Working days lost by parents, median (range)	3 (1–7)	3 (1–5)	2 (1–4)	3 (1–5)
School days lost by siblings, median (range)	2 (1–5)	2 (1–3)	2 (1–3)	3 (1–5)

hMPV, human metapneumovirus. No significant between-group differences.