TABLE 7-1.

Viruses of Animals That Initiate Infection via the Skin, Oral Mucosa, Genital Tract, or Eye

Route	Family or genus	Viruses
Minor abrasion	Poxviridae	Cowpox, swinepox, orf, bovine papular stomatitis, pseudocowpox, fowlpox viruses
	Herpesviridae	All viruses
	Papillomavirus	All viruses
	Picornaviridae	Swine vesicular disease virus
Arthropod bite Mechanical	Poxviridae	Fowlpox, swinepox, myxoma viruses
	Herpesviridae	Marek's disease virus
	Retroviridae	Equine infectious anemia virus
Biological	Alphavirus	All viruses
	Flaviviridae	All viruses
	Bunyaviridae	Rift Valley fever, Nairobi sheep disease viruses
	Rhabdoviridae	Bovine ephemeral fever, vesicular stomatitis viruses
	Orbivirus	Bluetongue, African horse sickness viruses
	Unclassified	African swine fever virus
Bite of vertebrate	Rhabdoviridae	Rabies virus
Contaminated needle or equipment	Papillomavirus	All viruses
	Togaviridae	Hog cholera, bovine virus diarrhea viruses
	Retroviridae	Equine infectious anemia, bovine leukemia viruses
Genital tract	Herpesviridae	Many viruses
	Papillomavirus	Bovine papilloma virus
	Togaviridae	Equine arteritis virus
Conjunctiva	Herpesviridae	Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, equine herpesvirus 1