Table 14.1.

Summary of Antiviral Agents

Mechanism	Antiviral agent	Virus	Administration
Inhibition of viral uncoating	Amantadine	Virus influenzae A	Oral
	Rimantadine	Virus influenzae A	Oral
Neuraminidase inhibition	Oseltamivir	Virus influenzae A, B	Oral
	Zanamivir	Virus influenzae A, B	Oral inhalation
Inhibition of viral DNA polimerase	Acyclovir	HSV, VZV	Oarl, topical, intravenous
	Idoxuridine	HSV	Intravenous
	Famciclovir	HSV, VZV	Oral
	Penciclovir	HSV	Topical
	Valacyclovir	HSV, VZV	Oral
	Ganciclovir	HSV, VZV, CMV	Oral, intravenous
	Foscarnet	CMV, resistant HSV	Intravenous
	Cidofovir	CMV	Intravenous
	Trifluridin	HSV, VZV	Eye drops
Inhibition of viral RNA polimerase	Ribavirin	RSV, HCV	Oral
Antisense inhibition of viral mRNA synthesis	Fomivirsen	CMV	Eye drops
Inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase	Zidovudine	HIV	Oral, intravenous
	Dideoxyinosine	HIV	Oral
	Dideoxycytidine	HIV	Oral
	Stavudine	HIV	Oral
	Lamivudine	HIV, HBV	Oral
	Nevirapine	HIV	Oral
	Delaviridine	HIV	Oral
	Efavirenz	HIV	Oral
	Etraverine	HBV	Oral
	Adefovir	HBV	Oral
	Entecavir	HBV	Oral
	Telbivudine	HBV	Oral
	Tenofovir	HBV	Oral
Inhibition of viral integration	Raltegravir	HIV	Oral
Inhibition of viral protease	Saquinavir	HIV	Oral
	Elvitegravir	HIV	Oral
	Indinavir	HIV	Oral
	Ritonavir	HIV	Oral
	Nelfinavir	HIV	Oral
	Lopinavir	HIV	Oral
	Darunavir	HIV	Oral
	Atazanavir	HIV	Oral
	Tipranavir	HIV	Oral
	Boceprevir	HCV	Oral
	Telaprevir	HCV	Oral
Inhibition of synthesis of viral proteins	Interferon-α	HBV, HCV, HPV	Subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous