Table 39.5.
Viral Diseases of the Central Nervous System
| Disease | Virusesa |
|---|---|
| Meningitis | Enteroviruses |
|
Mumps virus (in countries that do not immunize) West Nile virus |
|
| Herpes simplex virus type 2; other herpesviruses rarely Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus |
|
| Paralysis | Enteroviruses 70, 71; Coxsackie virus A7 |
| West Nile virus | |
| Polioviruses (in those countries where still circulating) | |
| Encephalitis | Herpes simplex viruses |
| Mumps virus (in countries that do not immunize) | |
| Arboviruses (togaviruses, flaviviruses, bunyaviruses; see Tables 29.1, 35.1, 36.1Table 29.1Table 35.1Table 36.1) | |
| Arenaviruses, rabies virus, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, influenza viruses, other herpesviruses | |
| Post-infectious encephalomyelitis | Measles virus, varicella-zoster virus, rubella virus, mumps virus, influenza virus, (vaccinia virus), others |
| Guillain-Barré syndrome | Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, HIV, influenza viruses |
| Reye’s syndrome | Influenza viruses, varicella-zoster virus |
| Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis | Measles virus |
| Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy | JC polyomavirus |
| AIDS encephalopathy (AIDS dementia complex) | HIV |
| Tropical spastic paraparesis | HTLV-I |
| Subacute spongiform encephalopathy | Prions |
a
The commonest causal agents are in bold type.