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A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Virus Transmission Patterns
| Pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| Horizontal transmission | |
| Human–human (aerosol) | Influenza |
| Human–human (fecal–oral) | Rotaviruses |
| Animal–human (direct) | Rabies |
| Animal–human (vector) | Bunyaviruses |
| Vertical transmission | |
| Placental–fetal | Rubella |
| Mother–child (birth) | Herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
| Mother–child (breastfeeding) | HIV, human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) |
| Germ line | In mice, retroviruses; in humans (?) |
