Comparison 3. Cephalosporins versus penicillins ‐ by timing of administration.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Maternal sepsis	4	653	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.91 [0.47, 18.10]
1.1 Before cord clamping	1	59	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
1.2 After cord clamping	2	362	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.37 [0.10, 56.41]
1.3 Timing of administration not reported or both used	1	232	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.21 [0.34, 30.45]
2 Maternal endometritis	20	5390	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.11 [0.90, 1.37]
2.1 Before cord clamping	2	332	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.42 [0.02, 8.20]
2.2 After cord clamping	17	4854	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.15 [0.94, 1.42]
2.3 Timing of administration nor reported	1	204	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.96 [0.37, 2.48]
3 Infant sepsis	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.1 Before cord clamping	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.2 After cord clamping	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.3 Timing of administration nor reported	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4 Infant oral thrush	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4.1 Before cord clamping	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4.2 After cord clamping	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4.3 Timing of administration nor reported	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]