Comparison 1. PERPHENAZINE vs PLACEBO.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Leaving the study early: 1. Any reason	5	261	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.30 [0.04, 2.33]
1.1 short term	4	203	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.26 [0.01, 4.92]
1.2 medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.40 [0.08, 1.90]
2 Leaving the study early: 2. Due to adverse events	2	119	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	9.43 [1.22, 73.11]
2.1 short term	1	61	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	16.47 [0.99, 273.29]
2.2 medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.0 [0.25, 99.82]
3 Leaving the study early: 3. Due to relapse / worsening or no improvement	2	84	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.10 [0.03, 0.42]
3.1 short term	2	84	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.10 [0.03, 0.42]
4 Global state: 1. Change over time ‐ no better or deterioration (ITT)	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 short term	1	61	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.32 [0.13, 0.78]
5 Mental state: 1. Relapse (clinical diagnosis)	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
5.1 short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.14 [0.02, 1.07]
6 Behaviour: 1a. Wing‐Scale B: social withdrawal ‐ mean change from baseline to endpoint (high = poor)	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.1 short term	1	58	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.76 [‐0.51, 2.03]
7 Behaviour: 1b. Wing‐Scale B: socially embarrassing behaviour ‐ mean change from baseline to endpoint (high = poor)	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
7.1 short term	1	58	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.10 [‐0.54, 0.74]
8 Adverse events: Movement disorders	4		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
8.1 akathisia ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
8.2 body rocking ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.0 [0.13, 70.16]
8.3 dystonia ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.07, 15.08]
8.4 extrapyramidal signs ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.75 [0.59, 5.21]
8.5 facial mask ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.0 [0.25, 98.96]
8.6 oculogyric crisis ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.0 [0.13, 70.16]
8.7 parkinsonism ‐ short term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	7.0 [0.38, 129.74]
8.8 posture and gait ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.0 [0.25, 98.96]
8.9 rigidity ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.33 [0.33, 5.33]
8.10 tremor ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.5 [0.27, 8.19]
8.11 tremor ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.15, 6.63]
8.12 use of antiparkinsonian drugs ‐ short term	1	36	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.0 [0.13, 69.09]
9 Other adverse events: 1. Anticholinergic	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
9.1 blurred vision ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
9.2 dry mouth ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.07, 15.08]
9.3 dry mouth ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.5 [0.27, 8.32]
9.4 nasal congestion ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.0 [0.13, 70.16]
10 Other adverse events: 2. Arousal	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
10.1 agitation ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.8 [0.24, 2.68]
10.2 drowsiness ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.17 [0.02, 1.28]
10.3 drowsiness ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.01, 7.86]
10.4 excitement ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.38 [0.18, 0.79]
10.5 insomnia ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.56 [0.31, 1.01]
10.6 insomnia ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
11 Other adverse events: 3. At least one	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
11.1 short term	2	94	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.5 [0.47, 4.76]
12 Other adverse events: 4. Cardiovascular	3		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
12.1 ECG abnormalities ‐ short term	1	36	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.0 [0.42, 9.58]
12.2 faintness, dizziness, weakness ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.15, 6.53]
12.3 faintness, dizziness, weakness ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.22, 4.55]
12.4 hypotension ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.0 [0.25, 99.82]
12.5 tachycardia ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.01, 7.80]
13 Other adverse events: 5. Central nervous system	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
13.1 headache ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.75 [0.19, 3.00]
14 Other adverse events: 6. Endocrine	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
14.1 lactation ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
15 Other adverse events: 7. Gastrointestinal	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
15.1 constipation ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.8 [0.24, 2.62]
15.2 diarrhoea ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.01, 7.80]
15.3 nausea or vomiting ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.6 [0.16, 2.23]
15.4 nausea or vomiting ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	5.0 [0.25, 99.82]
16 Other adverse events: 8. Haematology ‐ abnormal laboratory results	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
16.1 short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.5 [0.48, 4.65]
17 Other adverse events: 9. Skin	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
17.1 dermatitis ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.01, 7.80]
17.2 oedema ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.01, 7.86]
18 Other adverse events: 10. Others	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
18.1 salivation increased ‐ short term	1	48	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.0 [0.19, 20.61]
18.2 tenseness ‐ medium term	1	58	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.5 [0.05, 5.21]