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. 2015 Oct 27;2015(10):CD008666. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008666.pub3

Suprapto 2002.

Methods Quasi‐RCT. A double‐blind, placebo, controlled trial.
Participants Inclusion criteria:
  • aged less than 35 years;

  • between 13 and 28 weeks' gestation;

  • single pregnancy;

  • in good health;

  • anaemia (Hb < 11.0 g/dL).


Exclusion criteria:
  • pregnant women with pre‐eclampsia, congestive heart disease, tuberculosis and acute infections;

  • women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Interventions Intervention group 1: 22 women; group IFR received iron‐folate tablets + 5 mg riboflavin 7 days a week for 60 days.
Intervention group 2: 29 women; group IFA received iron‐folate tablets + 2.75 mg retinyl palmitate (equal to 5000 IU vitamin A) 7 days a week for 60 days.
Intervention group 3: 23 women; group IFRA received iron‐folate tablets + 5 mg riboflavin + 2.75 mg retinyl palmitate 7 days a week for 60 days.
Control group: 29 women; group IF received iron‐folate tablets + 5 mg glucose 7 days a week for 60 days.
Outcomes Maternal levels of vitamin A and riboflavin.
Notes Vitamin A levels were measured before starting supplementation.
Country: Indonesia.
Study setting: health centre ANC.
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) High risk "allocated alternately."
Allocation concealment (selection bias) High risk "allocated alternately."
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk "participants and personnel double‐blind."
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Information not given.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk 19 (18.4%) were excluded from the analyses: 9 premature labour, 1 stillbirth, 1 migration, 1 refusal to give blood, 2 nausea and vomiting and 5 incorrect dates given for last menstruation but with normal deliveries.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk The protocol of the study is not available at the moment.
Other bias High risk Women in group IFRA were shorter and lighter than those in other groups.