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. 2014 Oct 1;2014(10):CD008760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008760.pub2

Sharma 2009.

Study characteristics
Patient sampling Cross‐sectional cohort (only screening cohort); prospective single‐centre study.
Patient characteristics and setting Participants: 34 participants with end‐stage liver disease.
Baseline diagnosis: not reported.
Disease severity: not reported.
Co‐morbidity: not reported.
Geographical location of the study: not reported.
Inclusion criteria: not reported.
Exclusion criteria: not reported.
Index tests Index test: oesophageal capsule endoscopy without any further specification.
Criteria for oesophageal varices: not reported.
Operator: performed by ESO‐trained gastroenterologists.
Target condition and reference standard(s) Target condition: presence of any and large oesophageal varices.
Reference standard: oesophago‐gastro‐duodenoscopy.
Criteria for oesophageal varices: not reported.
Prevalence of the target condition: 82% (28/34 participants).
Flow and timing  
Comparative  
Notes Observer variation: no data on observer variation were reported.
Uninterpretable results: data on uninterpretable results were not reported.
Side effects or complications: no side effects or complications with ESO were described. 4 minor events with oesophago‐gastro‐duodenoscopy (hypotension, hypoxia, and possible aspiration).
Type of publication: abstract.
Methodological quality
Item Authors' judgement Risk of bias Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled? Yes    
Was a case‐control design avoided? Yes    
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions? Yes    
Did the study enrol only patients with suspected oesophageal varices not until diagnosed? Yes    
    Low High
DOMAIN 2: Index Test All tests
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard? Yes    
    Low Low
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition? Yes    
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests? Yes    
    Low Low
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard? Yes    
Did all patients receive the same reference standard? Yes    
Were all patients included in the analysis? Yes    
    Low